Emissions
Evaporative and refueling emissions can largely be controlled. More than 99 percent of this emission type is controlled through vehicle gas caps and carbon canisters, installed in most modern vehicles. Gas pumps have systems that recycle any lost gasoline due to evaporation and send it back into the storage tank. The final percentage of evaporative and refueling emissions is from accidental spills and the vapors released from a hot engine.
Exhaust emissions are primarily composed of carbon monoxide, unburned hydrocarbons (volatile organic compounds) and nitrogen oxides (NOx). While they can produce smog and acid rain, catalytic converters (anti-pollutant devices) have been designed to convert such exhaust pollutants into normal, harmless atmospheric gases.
Non-regulated emissions — better known as carbon dioxide (CO2) — are a growing concern because they fall under the category of greenhouse gas emissions and have been tied to global warming. Attempts to reduce CO2 emissions have been made by adding oxygenates to gasoline that result in loss of fuel economy.
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Go to www.FuelCertification.com.
